We deal, in this paper, with the form of the solutions of the following systems of rational third order difference equations\n\nx_{n+1}=((x_{n-1}y_{n})/(y_{n}±y_{n-2})),\ny_{n+1}=((x_{n}y_{n-1})/(x_{n}±x_{n-2})),\n\nwith a nonzero real numbers initial conditions.

The study was conducted under rain shelter condition at Universiti Putra Malaysia to evaluate the effect of Azospirillum brasilense Sp7 inoculation on chili plants grown in coconut coir dust media (with and without compost) and moderate (40 %) water deficient condition. Five treatments were tried; Inoculated compost and full irrigation (T1), inoculated compost and moderate irrigation (T2), non-inoculated compost and full irrigation (T3), non-inoculated compost and moderate irrigation (T4), control (non-inoculated and full irrigation). Inoculation increased plant biomass, fruit yield (580 g plant-1) and improved nutrient element uptake in both full and moderate irrigation schemes. Water deficit increased root length (1457 cm) and improved water use efficiency (4.74 g l-1) of inoculated plant. Higher amount of leaf chlorophyll content and proline concentrations (8 µg g-1 fresh weight) were found in inoculated plant under water deficit condition. The activities of Catalase (CAT), Ascorbate peroxidise (APX) and Guaiacol peroxidase (GPX ) were significantly lower in inoculated plants than non-inoculated and control treatments. The association of Azospirillum brasilense with chili plant improve plant growth and yield in water stress condition.

The aim of this study is establishment relationship between the loss of 10-HDA (10-Hydroxy-2-Decenoic Acid) of Royal jelly and technological factors in the freeze drying process such as temperature and pressure of environmental freeze drying; time of freeze drying process. This relationship was used to determine the optimal technological parameters. The results were found out as follow: the optimal temperature of environmental freeze drying was 19.82oC, the optimal pressure of environmental freeze drying was 0.569mmHg and the optimal time of the freeze drying process was 18.403h. Corresponding to these parameters, the minimum value of the loss of 10-HDA was 0.72% and the residual water content of final product was 4.282% under 4.5%. These optimal parameters is really essential to set up the technological mode of the freeze drying process Royal jelly for preservation.

Bronchofree capsule composed of four components which are diphenhydramine HCl, benzonatate, guaifenesin and phenylephrine HCl in the ratio of 2.5:10:10:1 respectively. Their UV absorption spectra show severe overlap which prevents their simultaneous determination by classical methods of analysis. Literature review showed only one reported HPLC method. PLS-1 method which is one of the most powerful chemometric methods was used for resolving this quaternary mixture. Chemometric methods generally uses theories and methods developed in mathematics, statistics, computer science and other disciplines to extract usful informations from chemical data and to relate many variables to concentrations of the analytes. Another method depends on wavelength selection for PLS-1 using geneic algorithm (GA-PLS) was used for analysis of this mixture. A calibration set consisting of 16 samples containing different ratios of four components was used for constructing models of two methods. A validation set consisting of 6 mixtures was used to validate the prediction ability of these models with mean percentage accuracy for DP by PLS-1 was 100.72 ± 2.07, for BN, GU and PH by PLS-1 and GA-PLS were 99.91 ± 1.65 and 99.91± 1.51, 101.00 ± 1.44 and 100.98 ± 1.02, 98.84 ± 1.22 and 99.39 ± 1.23 respectively. The proposed methods used to quantify components in bronchofree capsules with no interference of the additives as propylene glycol and poly ethylene glycol added so no need of preliminary extaction of analytes from dosage form. PLS-1 and GA-PLS allowed rapid, accurate, precise and simple methods for simultaneous estimation of the concentration of the analytes of interest in synthetic laboratory mixture and in commercial pharmaceutical preparation without any interfence from excipients.

Mobile Ad-hoc Networks are composed of heterogeneous mobile systems. Securing their communications may be difficult due to differences in the supported algorithms and protocols. The scheme proposed in this paper describes the framework to solve the security threats by designing ID based route detection method. An ID-based Route Detection (IRD) as a combination of Ad hoc node ID and public key cryptography.IRD is a public key cryptography solution in that public keys of mobile nodes are directly derivable from their known Ad hoc node ID plus some common information. Thus, it eliminates the need for certificate-based authenticated public-key distribution essential in conventional public-key management schemes. IRD is an efficient construction method of ID-based public/private key cryptography, which not only ensures high-level authentication to node exchange information, but also enables efficient network-wide secure key update via a single broadcast message. It also provides general information about how to choose the secret key sharing parameters used with public key cryptography to meet desirable levels of security and authentication. The advantages of IRD over existing certificate-based solutions are justified through extensive simulations. The proposed scheme IRD gives a new innovation towards more effective and efficient security design for MANETs.

Background: In modern medicine, behavioral sciences researchers, the association between psychosocial characteristics, family connections and personality characteristics with occurrence and progression of coronary heart disease are emphasized. This study examined the.quality of relationships ,sexual functioning , negative emotions and social inhibitionin patients with bypass surgery (CABG).\nMethods: A sample of 100 people(50 male,50 female) patient who Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting andreferred to Tehran Heart Center.. After obtaining consent from the patient, their demographic information was gathered from the Specialist. In this study, the questionnaire \"Pierce Quality relations\" , \"Personality Inventory (DS14)\"Sexual Function Inventory (male and female versions)\"and \"Personality Inventory (DS14)\" is used. In order to analyze the data by the 19spss software, multivariate variance analysis (MANOVA) and single variable (ANOVA) were applied.\nThese results show that men with heart disease have more negative affect and social inhibition compared to women.it means that men have less conflicting relationships compared to women. it means that men have more social support than women. mean comparisons of depth of relationships shows deeper relationships in men (45.20) than women (36.60) in interpersonal relationships\nThe combination of psychological interventions to change unhealthy behavior patterns as well as to reduce and control personality traumatic variables along with the main physical treatment is proposed.\nConclusion: Due to the increase of the disease, the study variables in predicting the diseases preventive interventions with an emphasis on communication skills for resolving interpersonal conflicts in a timely and effective psychological interventions for families is suggested in order to evaluate the patient\'s psychological and personality admission to hospitals and medical centers in place.

The purpose of this paper is to display the Prespa Lake accuracy quality as well as measures for lake protection. To perform a risk assessment of surface waters pollution before a season in 2011 it is made a monitoring on a beach and lake water quality by the Center for Public Health and Bitola. It is also observed the health - environmental risk from sewage works wastewater from catering-tourist facilities and sewage works in Ezerani. Due to the great importance of the Prespa Lake as a natural lake, a control is periodically performed on its surface water from January to October. Also regular reviews are made on the coast, in and out of season to be able to perform proper assessment of existing risks on its contamination. Parameters disturbance of the oxygen regime is due to the large increase in the level of the lake which appeared large underwater movements and almost daily rainfall, which contributed to disturbance water quality. Coliform bacteria identification in surface indicates E. Coli presence, which is an indicator of fresh faecal contamination. There are direct contaminants , rivers that pass through villages and collect sewages from rural population. Also, sanitary protection zones are not respected, there is not a local sewerage in all villages around the lake and the existing sewage-works are not maintained and do not treat sewages to needed quality. According to the physical-chemical parameters, the research results display that water purity ranges from class I to III and according to bacteriological parameters from class I to II.

Specific surface area (SSA) of powders can be determined using a fractal geometry by the relation SSA ~ xA^D*xV^−3*s^(2−D), where xA is the particle size with average surface area and the xV the particle size with average volume. Such relation respects nano, micro or macro irregularities on the surface. Within this theory the fractal dimension 2≤D<3 and scale parameter s (equals to the linear dimension of an interacting adsorbate molecule) play a significant role. The parameter D may be determined from BET or dissolution measurements on several samples changing the powder particle sizes or sizes of adsorbate molecules. To reach good accuracy of the SSA value, one must know the fractal dimension D very precisely. Standard uncertainty of this parameter on the level 0.02 contributes to the total standard uncertainty of the SSA value within ± 30%. In the end of the paper, a new equation for SSA, depending on term (2−D)*(s2–sBET)/sBET, where sBET and s2 are effective cross sectional diameters for BET and new adsorbates, was derived. The presented equations have good application potential.

Effects of modified atmosphere packaging on the physicochemical properties and sensory quality of olives were studied. Olives were packaged under different active (5% oxygen + 50%, 70% and 90% carbon dioxide and nitrogen) atmospheres using low density polyethylene film stored at room temperature for 21 days. The color values (L*, C* and H°) were approximately constant after 9 days under 90% CO2 in headspace of packaged olives. The mass loss was less than 2% unlike unpackaged olives which lost 60% of their initial fresh mass until the end of storage. The total polyphenol (TP) and total anthocyanin (TA) contents, along with the antioxidant characteristics, were continuously monitored during the treatment on a 3 days interval basis, in order to identify possible changes in the quality of olives related mainly to changes in the polyphenolic contents. The storage of olives under CO2 atmosphere resulted in pronounced decreases in TP and increases TA contents, during the storage time. Furthermore, storage under CO2 contributed to flavor appearance with the development of fruity/floral notes followed by reducing in bitterness. The in vitro antioxidant properties of the 50% and 70% CO2-treated samples showed notable increase compared with the control sample. It was concluded that storage of olives under a modified atmosphere packaging with 50% and 70% CO2 atmosphere resulted in the appearance of desired sensory attributes, by decreasing bitterness and developing aroma and color, and the functional (antioxidant) properties were improved. This approach may be used as an alternative, chemical-free means of table olive debittering.

A host of Pulse Width Modulated (PWM) strategies for AC voltage controllers are proposed from recent past years. PWM-AC controllers have important advantages compared with the phase-controlled AC voltage controllers using thyristors and triacs. This paper presents a novel control technique for application to PWM-AC controllers with ability of generating any fundamental target voltage with improved performance indices. In the proposed control method, direction calculation of duty cycles for the target fundamental voltage with smaller THD values and ability to control switching losses in the power switches can be obtained. Therefore, the harmonic pollution in the power system will be reduced and the power quality will be increased. In order to investigate the performance of the proposed strategy, computer simulations and experimental studies are performed. Obtained results are compared with those of the conventional symmetrical angle control PWM.

Interoperability is one of the criteria that used to make the connections between services to service. During transmission secure data to be transmitted from source to the destination. Generally, the credential information’s are securely evaluated by different methodologies and approaches, in this paper proposed a new technique to scrutinize the secure information using Secure Scrutiny Executor (SSE) system. The system can scrutinize and secure the incoming request by the PT-SI records with the four types of enforcers. The enforcers provide two types of encryptions and two types of decryptions. The field of these Encryptions can be generated with the user transaction Id, password and user login time. Similarly the decryption can be based on the cipher text of encryptions, token labeling date and service Identity. From the secured evaluation the provider can achieve the secured and scrutinized information’s with an accurate efficiency and acceptable period of time. The main advantage of proposing this system is not only securing the data it also scrutinizes the client data with the given time boundary.

Today infidelity in romantic relationships can be considered as a damage and greatest reason for divorcing couples and a source of suffering, sadness and jealousy for the people. This study is aimed to compare emotional and sexual jealousy between the married on the verge of divorce and the ordinary people. This study is pursuant of Causal – comparative type plan.\nSamples of people on the brink of divorce were 181 men and women who were referred to family courts for divorce on the first six months of 1391 in Tehran and normal individual sample was 176 available people at the community, and in terms of demographic characteristics they were matched with the group on the brink of divorce, however they never had applied for a divorce in their lives. Used devices included a demographic questionnaire, and scenarios that measures the different situations of jealousy. In order to analyze the data, multiple analyzes of variance (MANOVA) and t-tests were used to examine the impact of emotional and sexual jealousy on infidelity, divorce status, and their interaction. \nResults indicate that between the two groups (people on the brink of divorce and normal people) there is a significant difference in terms of emotional and sexual jealousy. In this way that, average of normal people in both jealousy ratio is higher than people`s on the verge of divorce. According to evolutionary theory, jealousy has adaptive and evolutionary aspects and its performance is discussed in reproductive success and parental investment. Due to this explain, couples who are seeking to preserve their lives and their children`s resources (normal group of study), have been more concerned about losing these resources through their potential rivals, so they show more jealousy and confusion about the infidelity.