The main aim of the present study is to compare the selective attention, executive performance and excitement intelligence between military, actor artists and usual people (civilians, non-artists). Based on the hypothesis of the study, the existence of regularity and cohesion in daily programs in military people can make a significant difference in military people in compare to artists and non-artists people in three skills. For the reason, a sample with 120 ones in three groups of 40 people were taken up randomly and participated in the study. In order to collect the data, D2 test was used for measuring the selective attention and the London Tower test was also applied for measuring the executive function and also, the excitement intelligence questionnaire was utilized to evaluate the excitement intelligent scale in this regard. The related questionnaire is to assess the five scales skills of interpersonal, interpersonal skill, vibrating control, adaptation, and public mood. To evaluate the findings, a descriptive analysis, ANOVA and Bonferoni multiple comparisons test was also efficiently applied; the results showed that the selective attention is higher in artists and usual people and this significance is significant statistically. The executive performance is also higher like selective attention in military group than two other groups significant and there is a significant difference between scales and sub-scales of excitement intelligent test. The interpersonal skill and interpersonal and public mood and manner are higher in military and usual people; in reverse, in military group, the vibrating control and adaptation and finally the problem-solving process is significantly higher in military group

The purpose of this study is to investigate and compare feeling of loneliness and locus of control (internal-external) among female athletes of team and individual sports and non athlete high school female students in Kermanshah city in Iran. Thus 240 subjects divided into 4 equal groups were selected from Kermanshah high school students as a statistical sample randomly. Feeling of loneliness was assessed by UCLA questionnaire and also locus of control was assessed by Lonson (I,P,C). The results of this research showed meaningful differences among athletes and non athletes in feeling of loneliness variable , but did not show meaningful differences for internal locus of control variable , external locus of control (tendency to chance) and also external locus of control (tendency to powerful people) among these groups. Also, meaningful differences were not observed in feeling of loneliness and internal locus of control among athletes of team and individual sports. But for external locus of control athletes of individual sports with tendency to chance and athletes of team sports with tendency to powerful people got high scores. Therefore, these team or individual physical activities and exercises specially team activities would be said to influence the reduction of feeling of loneliness in individuals . In other words performing physical activities and participation in sport places during teen ages and youths cause personality balance, prevention and recovery from psychological disorders such as feeling of loneliness in people

Obesity is associated with inflammation, the main mechanism of atherosclerosis and insulin resistance. In such condition, inflammatory markers such as proinflammatory cytokines (e.g interleukin-18) and acute-phase proteins (e.g C-reactive protein) elevate in circulating. IL-18 establishes the relation between metabolic syndrome and arteriosclerosis (9), it is the important regulator of acquired and intrinsic immune responses (10) and has a role in discordance of platlets. CRP also is a special inflammation marker and has a role in pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases such as cardiovascular diseases diabetes and cancer. Performing regular exercise training result in reducing inflammatory markers levels released from adipose tissue and thus decrease the risk of chronic disease. The purpose of this study was to survey changes of serum levels of interleukin-18 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein following twelve weeks resistance training in obese men. Eighteen obese men (28.0 ± 5.2 yr, 175.7 ± 5.7 cm, 94.4 ± 8.3 kg, 31.7 ± 3.6 kg/m2) were randomly placed at one of two groups: training and control. For all subjects, height, weight, body mass index, body fat percent, serum levels of IL-18, and hsCRP (after12-h fasting) were assessed prior to, and after training. Strength training protocol consisted of twelve weeks weight training (3 sessions per week, 10 stations, 3 sets 8-12 repetitions in each station, intensity 60-80% of one repetition maximum, rest between sets 1 min and between stations 2 min, duration of main training 60 min per each session). Data were analyzed by SPSS16 software and using Independent and Paired t-tests. Statistical significance was accepted at P<0.05. Following twelve weeks resistance training, serum levels of IL-18 (t =0.211, sig. =0.055) and hsCRP (t =0.554, sig. =0.061) were decreased in training group, but it wasn\'t statistically significant. Also, no significant changes were observed in control group (P >0.05).\nIt doesn\'t appear that doing resistance training for twelve weeks cause to significant changes in circulating levels of IL-18 and hsCRP in obese men. Totally, the advantage of resistance training in intervention for preventing and curing obesity can be because of known benefits of resistance training on strength and muscle mass. This is possible to be a benefit for developing performance and capabilities of daily life activities performance in obese individuals (36). Cross sectional studies have shown that muscle mass, independent of cardiorespiratory fitness levels, has inverse relationship to multi-cause mortality (37) and metabolic syndrome (38). Evidence show that maintance of a great muscle mass is possible to decrease metabolic risk factors related to cardiovascular diseases (obesity, dyslipidemia and type II diabetes)

One of the most important and effective factors of everybody’s life is subjected to the relationship between parents and children. Based on the theoretical model of parent-child relationship pattern, the role of family in making the psychiatric approaches has an essential and sophisticated importance significantly. These are the most necessary for target-based activities of children and any damages to these can lead to the behavioral-psychiatric disorders. The main aim of the study is to evaluate the relation between different patterns of parent-child relationship with students self-efficacy beliefs and affective self-regulation strategies. For the reason, based on a correlation design plan, a sample including 396 students of scientific-applied university in Tehran megacity were taken up as a multistage sampling method as well as questionnaires of Parent-Child Relationship Patterns, General Self-Efficacy Scale and Measure of Affect Regulation Styles. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between the patterns of parent-child relationship and self-efficacy beliefs; in addition to these, the results of structural model analysis confirmed the causative relationship between these variables. But, there is no found any relationship between the patterns of parent-child relationship and affective self-regulation strategies and the results of the structural equations specified that none of these patterns influence on the affective self-regulation strategies; however, the results of correlation analysis represents significant relationships between the sub-scales of the parent-child relationship patterns and other sub-scales of affective self-regulation strategies. The analysis of the findings correlation determined the relationship between self-efficacy beliefs with affective self-regulation strategies and the whole sub-scales in this regard. Also, the results of structural model analysis confirmed the significant impact of self-efficacy beliefs on the affective self-regulation strategies.

The basic responsibility of nurses to maintain patient safety include notifying the patient and colleagues about risk and risk reduction methods, Supporting the patient safety and reporting adverse events to a responsible person. Without creating a safety culture in all health facilities does not occur a sustainable development in the patient care. This study aimed to determine the patient safety culture in teaching hospitals in Gorgan until officials use the results to improve their status and ultimately improve the patient\'s rights. In this cross sectional, target group was nurses of 5Azar, Taleghani and Deziani hospitals in Gorgan in 2011. The study population included 348 nurses in these hospitals. Data collection instrument was a questionnaire with 43 questions. For classification, it is considered below of 40% as a weak, between 40.1% - 60% as a moderate and above of 60% as a good. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Statistical tests were ANOVA and T-Test. 24% of nurses believed patient safety culture is weak, 46.8% of them reported it moderate and 30.7% believed it good.The weakest dimension was non-punitive response to error and strongest dimension was organizational education. Statistic test indicated a significant relationship between patient safety culture and experience (p= 0.021), employment status (p= 0.001), hospital (p= 0.001), ward (p= 0.003). Statistic test did not indicate a significant relationship between patient safety culture and education, sex and age groups. Statusof the patient safety culture was moderate from view point’s thenursesbut it is necessary that it is improved in the dimensions of the non-punitive response and the staffworkload.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of fruit consumption and physical activity on decrease of lung functions caused by smoking. This study was carried out on 303 healthy males aged 16-72 years. Smoking, fruit consumption and physical activity characteristics of the subjects were determined with an inquiry. Vital capacity (VC), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEVı), FEVı/FVC, peak expiratory flow (PEF) and forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of forced vital capacity (FEF25-75) were measured using Pony Spirometer (Cosmed, Italy). According the results of the inquiry, the subjects were divided into 8 groups: 1) Non-smoking, sedentary, not consuming fruit (control= C); 2) Non-smoking, sedentary, consuming fruit (F); 3) Non-smoking, exercising, not consuming fruit (E); 4) Non-smoking, exercising, consuming fruit (EF); 5) Smoking, sedentary, not consuming fruit (S); 6) Smoking, sedentary, consuming fruit SF); 7) Smoking, exercising, not consuming fruit (SE); 8) Smoking, exercising , consuming fruit (SEF). Smoking groups had lower respiratory functions than non-smoking ones. S had imaller FEVı, FEVı/FVC and FEF25-75 values than C; SE had smaller PEF and FEVı hıes than E; SF had smaller FEVı and FEF25-75 values than F; and SEF had smaller 7YC, FEVı and FEF25-75 values than EF. The test values of the fruit consuming groups were found to be greater than those of non-consuming ones. FEF25-75 value of the F was -ıgher than C, FEVI/FVC and FEF25-75 values of the SF were higher than S. The combined effects of fruit consumption and physical activity on respiratory functions were synergetic. EF had greater FVC and FEVı values than F. The FEVı and PEF values of SEF vvere found to be higher than SF and SE, respectively. in conclusion, fruit consumption and/or physical activity nıay prevent, at least delay, the harmful effects of smoking on lung functions. Therefore, it will be useful to consume fruits frequently and/or exercise for those persons who are in diffıculty or refuse to quit smoking.