[email protected]\nAbstract\nLearner-oriented education is a spectrum that extends from the interaction between learner and teacher to pure learner-oriented education. This study uses a descriptive-analytical methodology to explore the views of the three main Jean of learner-oriented education, namely, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, John Dewey, and Jean Piaget. This study is an attempt to find the positions of these three personalities on learner-oriented education spectrum. The findings of this study show that all three personalities supported learner-oriented education and emphasized on its many attributes. These attributes provide learner the freedom of experimentation, interaction, and participation based on his needs, motivation, interest, and willingness that are driven by his talents and understanding. Learner-oriented education is like a color spectrum. It starts at the light end (A) and turns darker as education moves on the spectrum toward the other end (B). Each one of the three contributors has a position on this spectrum.

Abstract\nThe research purpose is to assess the effectiveness of active, inactive and multi-sensory cognitive training in adopting and utilizing the strategies in mild mentally retarded children. Thus, through applying a semi-experimental method a sample of 60 individuals was selected using random, stratified sampling drawn from a larger population of all the mild mentally retarded individuals studying in the fourth grade of special schools located in Ahwaz. This group was subsequently assigned to the experimental and control groups. In order to record and determine the performance of the subjects in pre-test and post-test, pictorial cards (animals, fruits and objects) have been used in the educational intervention including active cognitive strategies, inactive cognitive strategies (review, generalization and categorization) and also active cognitive Fernald multisensory method were administered for one week in the experimental group; simultaneously, the control group had been receiving unrelated programs. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics (one-way ANOVA and Tukey follow-up test). Results indicated that active, inactive and multi-sensory cognitive training was effective in adopting and utilizing the retrieval and retention strategies in children with mild retardation. However, no between-group difference was observed between the three mentioned groups on retention.

In this research paper, we focus a new approach to identify the position of an optic disc in retinal images. Retinal imaging is a common clinical course of action used to record a viewing of the retina. This kind of image may be used for diagnosis and keeping of patient record. In a retinal image, optic disc (OD) appears as a roughly round region which is brighter than it’s nearby. The location of any defect in a retinal image relative to OD is useful for later analysis and classification of pathologies. In this paper, mean shift segmentation is used and its convergence on lattices is proven. This method associates with each pixel in the image the closest local mode in the density distribution. Segmentation into a piecewise constant structure requires one more step, fusion of the regions associated with surrounding modes. This technique has two parameters controlling the resolution in the spatial and range domains. In view of the fact, that the convergence is guaranteed and does not require the intervention of the user to stop the filtering at the desired image quality. Applied mean shift algorithm is more fit factual scene than the usual segmentation algorithm.

Background: Stress is a highly unpleasant state of emotional arousal that can be related to adjustment problems including emotional (e.g. depression, anxiety, and aggression), and performance in school. This study aimed to determine the role of gender in the relationship between perceived stress and adjustment among Malaysian adolescents in metropolitan and urbanized cities of Malaysia. \nMethods: A total of 441 school-going adolescents aged between 13 and 17 years from 15 secondary schools were selected as respondents of the study using multistage cluster sampling and Probability Proportional to Size (PPS) sampling technique. \nResults: Results indicated that adolescents with low level of stress of home life, low level of stress of peer pressure and school/leisure conflict had significantly better emotional and school functioning. T-test analysis revealed significant difference between male and female respondents in the assessment of emotional functioning. Multivariate analyses denoted that gender moderated the relationships between adolescent’s stress experiences and adjustment.\nConclusion: In conclusion stress negatively influences adjustment among adolescents and it affects female adolescents more than males.

BACKGROUND and AIMS: CD24 was overexpressed in gastric carcinomas and positive CD24 expression correlates significantly with lymphatic invasion, blood vessel invasion and poor survival in gastric carcinomas.We therefore suggested that CD24 would be a new molecular target for therapeutic strategies.In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of CD24 down-regulation using monoclonal antibodies (mAb) in gastric cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. \nMETHODS: Gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells were treated with Anti-CD24 mAb ,and the effects on growth and apoptosis were evaluated in vitro and vivo.\nRESULTS: We found that Anti-CD24 mAb could induce the apoptosis of cultured SGC-7901 cells and anti-CD24 mAb treatment inhibited the tumor growth after cancer cell grafting and enhanced the cell apoptosis inside the tumor tissue. \nCONCLUSIONS: Anti-CD24 mAb targeting therapy provides a new avenue toward treating gastric cancer.

Introduction: Severe traumatic brain injury has important consequences on all organs and systems. Stress-induced ulcer, complicated with digestive bleeding, was frequently encountered in these patients.\nThe objective of the experiment was to determine occurrence of acute stress-induced lesion with hemorrhagic potential in rats suffering a severe traumatic brain injury. \nThe aim of the experiment was to verify the clinical observation that severe traumatic brain injury cause erosion and ulcers of digestive mucosa, frequently complicated with digestive bleeding.\nWorking hypothesis: Severe traumatic brain injury favors digestive bleeding occurrence.\nMaterial and method: The experiment was performed in Experimental Medicine Center of the University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, in compliance with legislation regarding animal research. The experiment was done on 20 Wistar rats, divided into 2 groups: control and experimental. Animals in group 2 were produced severe traumatic brain injury. After sacrificing the animals the digestive tract was examined macro- and microscopically. \nResults: In the group with traumatic brain injury congestion and edema of gastric mucosa, with hemorrhages, erosions and acute ulcers were found. In 6 animals from the experimental group (60%) large blood clots and gastrorrhagia were found. \nConclusions: Severe traumatic brain injury favors occurrence of local necrotic-hemorrhagic lesions (erosions, ulcers) of gastric mucosa, which frequently is complicated with digestive bleeding.

We present the case of a 55 years old patient, man, (F.A), received of a level IV trauma centre, anxious, tachypnoea, with penetrating foreign body with a diameter of a 4 cm. and length 50 cm., near vertebral right side (at the D4 level with direction toward left thorax), subcutaneous emphysema at this level, absence of the respiratory noises on the left thorax and diminish these on the opposite side. Left chest drainage revealed hemo pneumothorax. \nWe proceed (under deep sedation and analgesia) to air medical evacuation to a regional trauma center.\nA complex imaging investigation has been performed in ED and has no identified than left pulmonary contusion. Emergency surgical intervention practiced foreign body extraction, extensive exploration, regulate and surgical treatment of the wound trajectory. \nPostoperative evolution of without no longer has, the patient was discharged from hospital after 10 days.\n\nConclusions\n• patient has been considered as a life threatening situation about up to the certainly exclusion of all critical or potential fatal lesions \n• assessment plan and the investigation strategy necessitated special adaptation and extension because of the foreign body penetration particularities and suspicion of visceral tissues and spinal lesions\n• minor lesion balance sheet of this patient must be considered as an exception fortune\n• medical team must remain prepared for the worst case scenario

This paper reports the strength development of high performance concrete in which Ultra Fine Steatite Powder (UFSP) is used as admixture. Concrete cubes and cylinders were prepared for compressive strength of 60 Mpa. The effect of varying dosage of ultra fine steatite powder is discussed in terms of cubes and cylinders. The specimens are tested on 3, 7,14,28,56 and 90 days strength, also the effect of M-S-H formation in the early ages of concrete are discussed. The workability was achieved by incorporating modified polycarboxylic ether as super plasticizers. It is observed that the addition of ultra fine steatite powder of about 5%, 10% and 15% gives a considerable increase in strengths.

Sodium selenite is one of the most toxic selenium compounds. In this study the oral subacute toxicity of sodium selenite at two doses was evaluated. Male Wistar rats were used, which were randomly divided in one of the three experimental groups consisting in 5 rats each: Control, Se1 (1 mg Se+4 equivalent/kg body weight) and Se3 (3 mg Se+4 equivalent/kg body weight). All treatments were administered once a day for 10 consecutive days and the animals were sacrificed on the 11th day. Selenite interfered with the growth gain and caused an increase in ALT, AST and GGT activities as well as in the levels of total and direct bilirubin, serum iron, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol, as well as a decrease in WBC and RBC numbers and in HGB concentration. In the Se1 and Se3 groups hydropic degeneration, perivascular edema, necrosis and anuclear cells were observed in the liver, while in the kidney hydropic degeneration, congestion and vascular ectasia were observed. Sodium selenite toxicity was shown to be dose-dependent.

Classical ciphers can often be broken using some statistical\ninformation about the plaintext, that means the frequency analysis. After the discovery\nof frequency analysis, perhaps by the Arab mathematician Al-Kindi in the 9th century,\nmost all such ciphers became breakable, until the development of the polyalphabetic\nciphers. These ciphers was done most possible by Leon Battista Alberti around the year\n1467. The polyalphabetic ciphers used different ciphers for various parts of a message.\nThe most famous polyalphabetic ciphers is the Vigenère cipher. In this paper, the idea\nto improve this cipher arises from the Vernam idea specified in U.S. Patent 1,310,719,\nissued July 22, 1919, in which he used the XOR operation to encode the characters in\nthe Baudot code, a 5-bit code, invented by Émile Baudot in 1870, which allowed the\ntelegraph transmission.